Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 61


Kotegawa

Figure 9.

Autoresolver horizontal and vertical CPA prediction error.

tistics for each scenario. The red "+" is the mean while the red
line indicates the median. The blue box bounds the 25-75 percentile CPA values. The black whiskers bound the 9-91 percentile
CPA values. The most notable observation in the CPA analysis,
albeit from a limited number of encounters, is the variability of the
vertical CPA relative to the vertical alerting threshold of 900 ft.
The boxes representing the 25-75 percentiles can be seen to span
as much as 600 ft (e.g. scenario S35b-2). This CPA variability
can cause the predicted CPA to bounce in and out of the alerting threshold, especially the vertical threshold. Although Autoresolver's directive guidance design made it particularly sensitive to
CPA variations, improved methods for processing ownship state
and surveillance data would provide more accurate and consistent
CPA predictions and, consequently, more stable alerting for all
trajectory-based SAA systems.

GOING FORWARD
The 2014 ACAS-XU flight test established a proof-of-concept
foundation for a UAS SSA system based on a Predator B, and the
first ever to demonstrate coordinated automatic resolution maneuvers in encounters between two unmanned aircraft. Thorough
communication among the partnering organizations was the key
to success, and lessons learned during system development/flight
test planning contributed significantly to identify and mitigate risk
SEPTEMBER 2016

on subsequent flight tests. Further improvements on hardware and
software enabling CA and SS individual and fused sensor surveillance are in progress to increase reliability and performance of the
SAA system.
Following the success of the 2014 flight test, several more
flight tests are underway to expand and validate the SAA system
functionality. The radar hardware enhancement will expand its
field of view (up to 220 deg horizontally) and target tracking capabilities by adding an additional antenna to the subsystem. More
complex encounter geometries, some involving multiple intruders,
will further challenge the CA and SS algorithms. The 2014 flight
test examined the CA and SS functionality separately. The next
significant step is to integrate the two together; specifically, it is
critical that SS alerts appear before and are interoperable with CA
alerts. SAA system development for UAS is an extremely complex
task, and unrealistic to achieve singlehanded. A strong partnership between industry, government, and academia is essential to
develop the key system that can allow unrestricted UAS access to
the NAS. The government and industry partners for ACAS XU development are planning a follow-on flight test in 2016 that will further enhance and develop this system and provide data to support
future certification activities. The follow-on flight test will feature
improved logic and include more prototypes built on productionready avionics hardware. This flight test represents the first step
towards a certified CA capability for UAS.

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

61



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016

No label
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - No label
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - Cover2
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 1
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 2
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 3
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 4
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 5
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 6
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 7
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 8
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 9
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 10
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 11
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 12
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 13
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 14
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 15
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 16
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 17
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 18
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 19
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 20
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 21
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 22
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 23
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 24
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 25
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 26
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 27
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 28
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 29
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 30
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 31
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 32
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 33
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 34
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 35
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 36
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 37
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 38
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 39
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 40
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 41
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 42
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 43
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 44
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 45
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 46
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 47
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 48
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 49
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 50
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 51
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 52
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 53
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 54
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 55
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 56
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 57
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 58
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 59
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 60
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 61
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 62
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 63
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 64
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 65
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 66
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 67
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - 68
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - Cover3
Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2016 - Cover4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/34-2s
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/34-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/34-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-09
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/33-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-7s
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/32-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-11s
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/aesm/31-7
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com