Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine October 2017 - 19

Menon et al.

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP OF SANSEC ON A FLEXIBLE
AIRCRAFT
In this section, we discuss the mounting of the SansEC sensor on
a Bixler 2 model flexible wing aircraft, and characterization of the
wing bending deflection determined by the SansEC measurements.

ATTACHMENT OF SANSEC SENSOR TO AIRCRAFT WING

Figure 9.

Comparison of true deflection and deflection predicted by the neural
network.

The connections are trained with a standard delta rule on 3300
data points from the (static) grid curves of Figure 6 to a Root Mean
Squared (RMS) error of 0.093 and then tested on 1,000 points
from the dynamic data set of Figure 6. The results of this testing
are summarized in Figure 9 in which the neural network predicted
deflection is shown on the vertical axis and the true deflection
is shown on the horizontal axis. Error free data points should lie
along the 45 degree black line. RMS testing error was 0.1378. This
test demonstrates that the SansEC can be used to determine bending deflections in dynamic scenarios.

In this work, one 4″ × 4″ SansEC sensor was mounted on each
wing of the aircraft model, with one on the upper side of the left
wing and the other on the lower side of the right wing. A floating graphite electrode was mounted inside a cavity within each
wing, in close proximity to each sensor. The graphite electrode
serves to attenuate the electromagnetic field produced by the sensor, with the amount of attenuation dependent on factors such as
material conductivity and the sensor's proximity to the material.
As the electrode moved closer to the sensor, the resonant frequency increases, while the (absolute value of) the peak amplitude decreases. The upper-lower sensor mounting configuration
described above was chosen such that, given a particular amount
of wing tip deflection, the graphite electrode would draw closer
to the sensor in one case, and further away from the sensor in the
other case.
Figure 10 provides a schematic of the sensor setup for the case
where SansEC was mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the
wing, respectively. In the former case, as the wing bends upwards,
it can be seen that the distance between the sensor and the graphite
electrode progressively increases. In the latter case, as the wing
bends upwards, the distance between the sensor and the graphite
electrode progressively decreases. The opposite directions of electrode displacement result in the sensor providing measurements
with opposite trends.

Figure 10.

Schematic cross section of wing illustrating sensor setup when mounted on upper wing surface (left figure) and lower wing surface (right figure).

OCTOBER 2017

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

19



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