Photo credit: iStock inject false data into transmitted packets by breaking into SCADA communication channels. RELATED WORK Recently, cyber attacks have become attractive for malicious adversaries to sabotage critical infrastructure: a cyber attack is cheaper, less risky, and easier to perform compared to a more obvious physical incursion. Sometimes the malicious agents incorporate both cyber and physical activities in a coordinated manner to cause more catastrophic damage while remaining undetectable. In the recent decades, a significant body of research has been dedicated to studying the security of SCADA systems against malicious attacks, especially networked control systems (NCSs), electric power grids, gas pipelines, and water networks. NCSs The security of NCSs has received significant attention from the research community [5]-[8]. Most research on NCSs focuses on Figure 1. Typical architecture of a modern SCADA system. MAY 2017 IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE 29