Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine June 2017 - 38

Design of The 3U
Four monopole antennas are connected to each splitter output
to assemble a complete system. Each antenna deploys 90 deg to
the longitudinal axes on each side of the satellite. The view of the
antenna radiation characteristics can be seen in Figure 6. The antenna array is circular polarized when seen from top (left hand) and
bottom (right hand) transitioning to linear polarization (horizontal/
vertical) in the antenna plane. The highest gain (2.03 dBi) is along
the long (Z) axis of the CubeSat with lower gains (-1.9 to -0.2 dBi)
along the X and Y axes.

ATTITUDE DETERMINATION AND CONTROL (ADCS) SUBSYSTEM

ADCS Requirements for QB50 Mission
The main QB50 system requirement for attitude control is that the
long axis of the CubeSat (Z axis) must be aligned with the velocity
vector in such a way as to point the experiment package in the direction of motion. The attitude shall be controlled such that there is
less than 10 degrees between the long axis of the CubeSat and the
velocity vector (3-sigma, 95% confidence), down to 250 km altitude.
However there is no mission level
requirement for roll angle. Furthermore a specific requirement is set
for the ability to recover from tip-off
rates of up to 50 deg/s within 3 days
after satellite deployment at nominal
conditions and a recommendation to
be able to recover from tip-off rates
of up to 90 deg/s in off-nominal situation.
The other important system requirement for QB50 satellites that is
related to ADCS design as a major
constraint is that of the orbital lifetime. Initially it was required that the
CubeSats would be designed to have
an in-orbit lifetime of 3 months.
Later in the project this requirement
was changed to 6 months [5].

ADCS Design Philosophy
The initial ADCS design concept for
LituanicaSAT-2 was based on 3-axis
stabilized momentum bias type attitude control and determination system, consisting of a miniature reac-

Figure 5.

UHF radio system block diagram.

Figure 6.

Antenna model with 3D radiation pattern (left) and radiation patterns in xy (center) and xz planes (right).

38

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

JUNE 2017



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