Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine June 2017 - 56

Early History of Polish Radars
height of the equipment road trim
(Figure 15). The antenna reflector
was larger, 7 m in vertical span, and
the vertical beam width was reduced
to 1.2°. The electronic equipment was
given important modifications, based
on some S-band components adapted
from the widely known Russian P-35
search radar (Bar Lock in North Atlantic Treaty Organization nomenclature). The P-35 was in series licensebased production at RAWAR over
the period 1965-69, when ca. 100
sets were supplied to several Warsaw
Treaty armies.
The BOGOTA-M had a TWT at
the receiver front end, with a noise
figure of 7 dB. A new highly stable
S-band local oscillator was developed
for this radar, replacing the earlier reflex klystron. The new, stable local
oscillator made it purposeful to implement MTI in the BOGOTA-M, another new feature not available in the
earlier height finders. The MTI circuitry was, naturally, the same as in
the JAWOR-M, making use of storage tubes. The new R-H indicator had
a square face and featured an electron
movable height line. In addition,
there was a digital height display built
in, showing the current height measurement along with the stored height
of the previous measurement. The
Figure 15.
antenna drives remained unchanged
Top left. BOGOTA-M height finder provided an absolute height error of 500 m and relative error (nein relation to the BOGOTA, and the
glecting fixed components) of only 200 m. Top right. BOGOTA-M height finder operator's console: a
low-level surveillance mode was also
square face R-H indicator and a digital height display on its right. Bottom left. Digital height indicator of
maintained. It is very characteristic of
the BOGOTA-M. Bottom right. A single digit module.
the Polish height finders throughout
their history that this mode was consistently demanded and even improved on in the following generameasures implemented simultaneously contributed to such a contions, while on the other hand the cases of its practical use were
siderable increase.
very sporadic, if there were any at all.
First of all, the JAWOR-M2 was dual-channel. Its two transAround 80 sets of the JAWOR-M plus BOGOTA-M were manmit/receive systems operated at slightly different frequencies, and
ufactured at RAWAR over the period 1967-1973.
the transmitted pulses were time shifted, so that twin pulses were
radiated by the antenna. Such a system not only doubled the energy
of transmitted pulses, but in addition resulted in frequency diverLONG RANGE AIR DEFENCE RADARS OF THE 1970S
sity gain which, for typical detection criteria (Pd = 0.8, Pfa = 10-6),
is equivalent to a near doubling of radar potential. Aside from that,
JAWOR-M2 AIR DEFENCE RADAR
additional crossed-field amplifier boosters were incorporated in
the transmitter channels. In the receiving system, parametric amThe JAWOR-M2 represented the third generation of warning raplifiers were inserted at the front ends, reducing the noise figure
dars of the same family. In terms of technology, they differed
to 3.5 dB.
very little from the second generation. What definitely made a
The JAWOR-M2 was manufactured in two versions: transdifference was their much larger energetic potential. The JAportable and mobile. The transportable version used three TATRA
WOR-M2, in its transportable version, featured a maximum
trucks with trailers and had a very large 16 m antenna. The mobile
range twice as long as its predecessor (Figure 16). A number of
56

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

JUNE 2017

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