Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine July 2017 - 26

Reaction Control Thruster Configurations for a Three-Axis Attitude Control System
analysis simulations, Krovel prepared this table for acceptable ranges of the PWPF's parameters w.r.t.
pseudolinear behavior, thruster activity, and fuel consumption, as well
as physical thruster valve wear. The
recommended parameters can be
used for setting the initial parameters.

CONTROL ALLOCATION
ALGORITHM
The control allocation algorithm or
command distribution logic is an algorithm whose function is to select
specific thrusters and calculate their
firing durations to realize force and
torque commands derived from the
control system of the spacecraft. In
other words, the aim of control allocation algorithms is optimization
so that a performance criterion such
as power consumption or time can
be minimized. In general, there are
five main approaches to dealing
with the control allocation problem
that are successfully used in space
missions: the grouping method, the
decoupling method, the pseudoinverse method, the LP or nonlinear
programming method, and the optimal catalog method. The grouping
method considers several thrusters as one actuator. It is a common
method to control the thrusters and
is extensively used in practice; however, because several thrusters are
grouped as a single one, they always
fire together and it may not be efficient under certain circumstances.
The decoupling method introduces
a number of cases according to the
predefined maneuvers of a spacecraft. Many simple satellites use
this method for its simplicity in
onboard computations. However,
this approach is not applicable to
spacecraft with complicated geometry and coupling effects [18]. Pseudoinverse is a simple and effective
method for control allocation that
uses the iterative least square minimization algorithm to realize the
commanded torques. Despite its fast
convergence, the main drawback

Figure 2.

The reaction thruster's configuration.

26

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

JULY 2017



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