Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine September 2017 - 36

Performance of MEMS Barometric Sensors

Figure 2.

Data acquisition process.

that vacuum inside the enclosure has been released and thereby,
the corresponding measurement is discarded from further analysis.
Graphs depicted with white and red lines represent the measurements obtained from the lps25hb pair of sensors. Graphs depicted
with blue and green lines represent the measurements obtained
from the bme280 pair of sensors.
An example of the data acquisition process obtained from the
pair of bme280 sensors at pressure level P≅0.93 bar and for temperature values a) T≅30°C (room), b) T≅10°C (fridge), c) T≅50°C
(oven), is given in Figure 3. It is worth noting the influence of
temperature to the pressure of closed air in Figure 3(b) and 3(c).
A rise in temperature increases air pressure (Figure 3(c)), and vice
versa (Figure 3(b)). The average deviation in the bme280 and the
lps25hb sensors' output signal for different pressure and temperature (P/T) levels, along with a statistical analysis of measurements,
is summarized in Table 1.
Figure 4 presents the Gaussian distribution of pressure deviation for the pair of Bosch Sensortec (Figure 4(a)) and STMicroelectronics (Figure 4(b)), as well as for both pairs of sensors (Figure 4(c)). Pressure data obtained at room temperature (≅30°C) are
depicted in green, while data inside the fridge (≅10°C) and oven
(≅50°C) are depicted in blue and red, respectively. The black line
depicts distribution of the overall dataset.
For the bme280 sensors (Figure 4(a)), we observe that peakto-peak (P-P) increases for low (≅246 ubar) and high (≅214 ubar)
temperatures, compared with the P-P noise in room temperature
(≅97 ubar). However, the displacement of the population mean
value for low (≅485 ubar) and high (≅515 ubar) temperatures is
rather negligible, compared with the corresponding value in room
temperature (≅482 ubar).
For the lps25hb sensors (Figure 4(b)), we observe less increments of the P-P noise at low (≅157 ubar) and high (≅192 ubar)
36

temperatures, compared with the P-P noise in room temperature
(≅137 ubar). However, there is considerable displacement of the
population mean value for low (≅992 ubar) and high (≅1392 ubar)
temperatures, compared with the corresponding value in room
temperature (≅1253 ubar).
In practice, this means that it is preferable to employ bme280
sensors in a dual-device system, which cannot be recalibrated
among successive measurements. The P-P noise of bme280 sensors for the overall dataset (calculated for the 99.9% of pressure
samples) is approximately equal to 0.2 mbar. The latter value corresponds to a vertical distance error of 1.6 m at the sea level. The
corresponding noise of lps25hb sensors is approximately equal to
1 mbar, which corresponds to a vertical distance error of 8 m at
the sea level.
On the other hand, when there is a possibility for continuous
recalibration of the dual-device system among successive measurement, it is preferable to employ lps25hb sensors. The reason
is that P-P noise on the latter sensors features less variations
with the changing temperature, compared with bme280 sensors. Consequently, recalibration of the dual-device system for
the identification of the population mean will provide measurements of increased accuracy over a wide range of temperatures.
In order to comprehend the statistical analysis of the two pairs
of sensors in the performance of dual-device (vertical) positioning systems, we consider the operation of two potential setups,
given in Figure 5.
The first setup (Figure 5(a)) is addressed for the determination of the airplane's position angles. This particular setup supports
successive recalibration of the system as follows. A reference measurement from two barometers (BAROs) attached to the airplane's
wings is obtained, when the latter are aligned with the horizon.
Deviation in sensors' output signal (which is relative to the current

IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

SEPTEMBER 2017



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