Systems Engineering Approach Using Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) Table 4. Morphological Matrix for Detection and Tracking Detection Detection 90% Detection 90% < 140 m 140 m - 1 km 99% >1 km Trajectory Composition Feasibility Cost Increased Ground Coverage Reassign small telescopes to dedicated network (somewhat being done)a Increase Distributed amateur network for astronomer follow-upa coordination for better coveragea Optical Dedicated and Distributed network of professional observatoriesa IR N/Ac Radar Square Kilometer Array (SKA, in construction)b Lidar N/Ac (cannot really be used for detection) Spectroscopya Demonstrated Low Spectroscopyb Impossible (atmosphere absorption) Build more Arecibo like radars Ground (increase sky coverage)b penetrating radarb N/A Very High Known techniques need to show application for detection High Requires powerful lasers, needs demonstration Dedicated N/Ac network of lidar stationsb Space Telescopes Optical N/Ac (done better from ground) IR >1m Sentinel diameter NeoCam dedicated telescope NeoWisea (double size of Sentinel), L2 point based telescopea CubeSat based telescopea Radar Moon-based N/Ac radar (bigger than Earth based) b N/Ac (done from ground better) Lidar N/Ac (can't really be used for detection) In-Situ Charac- N/Ac terization Demonstrated High but not necessary CubeSat based telescope (constellation)a Spacebased lidar observatories (better range than Earthbased, less dispersion of laser)b Spectroscopya Demonstrated High Ground penetrating Moon-based radarb Theoretical Impossibly high as of now N/Ac Theoretical Very high (but could be brought down with NewSpace techniques) Spend probe to Lander or orbit asteroidb penetrating radarb Radar Charac- Requires Close Passesb terization - Demonstrated Extremely high - - Viable options. Not feasible. c N/A = Not Applicable a b 12 IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE JANUARY 2018