American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine February 2018 - 32

Figure 1: Pain service continuum of care.

the question of what are we treating (eg, physical pain, emotional
distress, spiritual distress, all in one)?
We developed an APS model that includes availability of a
spiritual care provider throughout the pain service continuum of
care (Figure 1). Spiritual care provides a variety of interventions
(Figure 2) to support patients, their families, and staff that is
culturally sensitive and compassionate, respecting diversity,
demographics, faiths, and beliefs. Spiritual care providers listen
intently to patients stories in order to capture aspects of their
internal soul and how that soul is integrated or detached from their
health concerns.11 By using spiritual care assessment (Figure 3),
the APS team is able to understand the patient's needs, hopes,

Figure 2: Spiritual care interventions.

unsure. Spiritual care providers have distinct skills and training to
explore spiritual history, identify and respond to spiritual concerns,
identify and navigate spiritual struggle, empower patients to draw on
their own spiritual resources, and assess how those aspects hinder
or help patients journey toward health and well-being.

Figure 3: Spiritual assessment.

When patients who are suffering with acute or chronic pain are
supported in their human essence to be reflective about their life
and assess their personal story, they can better evaluate aspects
or decisions they are making in their life.8 That support comes
not in the form of a diagnosis but rather through the practice of
compassionate care. Christina M. Puchalski, MD, MS, writes that
compassionate care occurs when care providers walk with patients
in the midst of their pain. The means of effective medical care is to
pay attention to the patient as a whole, not just the specific illness
or symptoms.9
Spirituality plays an important factor in how patients face illness,
suffering, loss, and recovery. Spiritual care providers help
patients draw on, search for, and/or assist in reframing meaning
and acceptance in the midst of their suffering and illness.9 The
Association of American Medical Colleges endorses the concept of
spirituality as an expression of an individual's search for ultimate
meaning through participation in religion or belief in God, family,
naturalism, rationalism, humanism, or the arts. Understanding
and attending to all these factors can influence how patients and
health care professionals perceive health and illness and how
they interact.10 The integration of a spiritual care provider on the
APS team has enhanced efforts to better understand and answer

32

American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
2018



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine February 2018

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