Avionics News May 2018 - 22

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22

avionics news

*

may

2018

121.5 MHZ ELTS

Continued from page 21

But detection of a 121.5 MHz ELT is totally up to chance. Let's
examine the cons and pros, the shortcomings and benefits of the two
technologies, and where today's state-of-the-art in ELTs stand.
A scream into the void
The notice announcing the FAA's cancellation of TSO-C91a,
Emergency Locator Transmitter Equipment, came about three years after
the end of satellite monitoring of the 121.5 MHz frequency on which
those ELTs broadcast.
The effect of the canceled TSO resulted in no new TSO-C91a design
or production approvals issued. The FAA wisely advised operators and
applicants wanting to apply for TSO authorization for new ELTs after Dec.
1, 2012, were informed that they must seek authorization under TSOC126a for 406 MHz ELTs, or subsequent.
This raised an aviation parallel to that tree-in-the-forest question: If a
121.5 MHz ELT starts whopping and there's no satellites to hear it, is it
even broadcasting the sound?
Of course, like the tree-triggered sound waves in the empty forest,
the radio waves will propagate from the antenna broadcast, just as the
tree's impact triggers physical vibrations in the air. But with no satellites
listening, is it truly able to do its job?
As we approach 10 years since the search-and-rescue community
stopped satellite monitoring of 121.5 MHz, we look at how the community
adapted to the change.
As you might suspect, with no mandate to retire or replace the old-style
ELTs, thousands of them continue to fly, fulfilling FAA regulations for
using an ELT but in a spectrum where listeners are slim.
Meanwhile, almost daily hikers, boaters, campers and pilots in growing
numbers count on the advances of 406 MHz ELT technology to send the
cavalry to the rescue.
The 21st century difference
Some pilots admit to being too cheap to opt for a new warranty, reduced
maintenance and higher performance in an ELT more likely to save their
life.
Others see "new-and-improved" on a product and, being the gadget
freaks they are, almost automatically want it.
Then there are the pragmatic pilots. Yes, it will mean spending money
- but improves my odds of being found after a crash. These pilots started
opting in to the new ELTs when they were new and, admittedly, more
expensive.
This story reflects my suspicion that the adjuster knew what he was
talking about when it comes to the advent of new-technology 406 MHz
ELTs and the stubborn resiliency of the owners who continue to fly with



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