Crop Insurance Today September 2017 - 19

SOYBEANSNorth Dakota

The impact of defoliation on soybeans at the
R-4 and R-5 stages of growth is being examined
as follow-up to similar research at the R-1 and
R-3 stages. The first research showed significant
differences in losses when compared with current
NCIS charts. The research, conducted in North
Dakota at the Prosper research site, used a MG
0.8 variety. Defoliation was done at R-4 and R-5
at levels of 0, 33, 66, and 100 percent.
The research results showed little difference
in amount of loss due to defoliation at either
R-4 or R-5 when compared with current charts.
(Table 15)

WHEATKansas

In 2016, winter wheat research at Manhattan,
Kansas, began to evaluate the current chart factors for hanging wheat heads broken above and
below the flag leaf. Treatments consist of breaking-over all of the wheat heads in each plot at the
boot, milk, anthesis, soft dough, and hard dough
stages of reproductive development. In the first
year, high hanger (above flag leaf breaks) losses
at anthesis were 32 percent and were considerably
less than the current loss factor of 60 percent for
Zone 1 wheat (Table 16). However, high hanger
losses at the other reproductive growth stages
were within five percentage points of the current
loss factors. Low hangers (below flag leaf breaks)
losses at the boot, anthesis, and soft dough stages
ranged from 12-26 percentage points less than the
current Zone 1 loss factors. Losses at the milk and
hard dough stages were within five points of the
current loss factors. This research was expanded
in 2017 to include locations in Zone 2 and Zone 5.

Table 14 SOYBEANS Iowa

Defoliation%
Growth
25 50 75 100
Stage
Loss%

R4 0 0 7 41
R4 Chart 6 12 26 56
R5 5 9 33 87
R5 Chart 9 17 36 75

Table 15 SOYBEANS North Dakota

Defoliation%

Growth Stage
33 66

Loss%

100

R4 9 19 52
R4 Chart 8 20 56
R5 5 24 84
R5 Chart
11 28 75

Table 16 WHEAT Kansas

Stage

Breakpoint
Loss%
(flag leaf)

Zone 1
Appraised %

Boot Below 23
Anthesis Above 26
Anthesis Below 24
Milk Above 36
Milk Below 34
Soft Dough Above
34
Soft Dough Below
11
Hard Dough
Above 17
Hard Dough Below
9

In conclusion, the NCIS research program
could not happen without the support of NCIS
member companies. For decades, research has provided the science behind the industry loss adjustment procedures. This provides company adjusters
with the knowledge they need to determine accu-

50
60
40
40
30
30
20
20
10

rate losses, giving farmers peace of mind knowing
that their loss has been adjusted accurately and
fairly. We, at NCIS, strive to continue providing this
service to the crop insurance industry. Continue to
look for future NCIS agronomic research reports
for final conclusions on recent studies.

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