2016 Glossary - 17

is provisional and ensures patency of the internal
threaded section for the later attachment of the implant healing collar or implant abutment head. It also
helps keep the internal section free from plaque and
bacteria during stage 1 healing.
crazing n: multiple superficial cracks or loss of surface
integrity that may or may not progress into complete
fractures.
crepitation n: a snapping or grating noise and/or sensation in a joint during movement; related to the
temporomandibular joint, a crackling sound made
when one opens and closes the jaw; the noise made
when the ends of fractured bone rub together.
crepitus n: a crackling or grating noise and sensation in
a joint during movement.
crestal lamina dura n: see under lamina dura.
crevicular epithelium n: the nonkeratinized stratified
squamous epithelium of the gingival crevice.
crevicular fluid n: the fluid that is typically produced
in the presence of inflammation and seeps through
the crevicular epithelium; it can serve as a defense
mechanism against infection by carrying antibodies
and other substances into the sulcus. Also known as
sulcular fluid and gingival fluid.
cribriform adj: perforated like a sieve, for example, the
cribriform plate of the ethmoid sinus.
cribriform plate n: in dentistry, the alveolar bone proper. Another example is the horizontal plate of bone of
the ethmoid sinus, which is perforated by numerous
foramina that allow passage of nerves through the
bone.
cross-arch stabilization n: in removable dental prosthesis design, this relates to resistance against dislodgment of the removable prosthesis during function by utilizing the natural teeth on the opposing
side of the dental arch to assist in stabilization or to
help prevent "tilting" of the removable appliance.
crossbite n: a dental condition where a mandibular
tooth is located facial to the opposing tooth. Normal
dentition locates the mandibular dentition lingual to
the maxillary dentition.
crown-implant ratio n: the ratio determined by measuring the total height of the restoration and implant

above the alveolar bone compared with the height
of the implant within the alveolar bone. It is typically
evaluated by radiographic examination.
crown-root ratio n: the ratio determined by measuring the total height of the tooth above alveolar bone
compared with the height of the tooth's root within
alveolar bone; it is typically evaluated by radiograph.
curet, periodontal n: a periodontal instrument with a
fine blade used primarily for removing the inner lining of pocket walls and epithelial attachment. Also
used for removing periodontal fibers from walls of
osseous defects and removing calculus fragments
and smooth root surfaces.
curettage n: scraping, cleaning, or debriding biological material or debris from the walls of a defect or
surface by means of a curette.
* apical curettage (periapical): elimination of tissue or biological debris contiguous to an apex of
a tooth.
* closed curettage: elimination of tissue or biological debris contiguous to a tooth via entry into the
gingival crevice without flap reflection.
* gingival curettage: the process of debriding biological debris from the soft tissue wall of a periodontal pocket.
* surgical curettage: elimination of tissue or biological debris contiguous to a tooth by the reflection of a flap.
custom tray n: a personalized impression tray prepared from a cast derived from a preliminary impression. The custom tray is used in making the final
impression.

D

ebridement n: physically cleansing or removing acute or chronically inflamed granuloma or other contaminated devitalized
tissue or foreign material from a lesion.
decalcification n: the process of removing the mineral content from a hard tissue, such as bone or tooth,
with the aid of acids.
decay n: demineralization of tooth structure leading
to decomposition and destruction of tooth structure
and then cavitation.
JOI Glossary

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