2016 Glossary - 23

distal wedge n: a periodontal surgical intervention at
the distal area of a terminal tooth in an arch. The goal
is to remove excessive tissue, reduce periodontal
pocket depth, and facilitate oral hygiene at the area.
distocclusion n: the clinical situation where at maximum intercuspation the mandibular teeth have a
distal relationship to the maxillary teeth as in an Angle's Class II occlusion.
distoversion n: a deviation or positioning toward the
distal. Any deviation along the median sagittal plane
directed from the incisors to the retromolar pads.
distraction of the condyle n: dislocation of the condyle in an inferior direction; the clinical condition
where the condyle is inferiorly displaced and typically associated with pain.
distraction osteogenesis n: a bone augmentation
procedure where a portion of the jaw is sectioned
by osteotomy and progressively displaced by a mechanical device that is attached to the separated
bone segment and the original bone. The displacement is gradual and controlled and it is anticipated
that newly formed bone will occupy the space between the distracted bone segment and the original
bone.
disuse atrophy n: decrease in the size of a cell, tissue,
organ, or body part as a result of nonuse. The word
atrophy is a Greek word comprised of 2 segments:
the a means less and trophy means food or feeding.
As a combined word atrophy means a regression of
any tissue or organ or part of the body due to lack of
nutrition. "Disuse" is lack of utilization or inactivity.
When these 2 words are combined, "disuse atrophy"
defines a situation where part of a cell, a cell itself, a
tissue, an organ, or a part of the body is hypofunctioning or not utilized, which leads to a decrease in
the size, vascularity, efficacy, and overall functionality of the cell, tissue, organ, or body part.
divergence angle n: the sum of the tapered angles for
the divergent opposing walls of a tooth preparation.
documentation, periodontal n: diagnostic, radiographic, and therapeutic dental charting records of
a patient's soft and hard tissue support for the teeth.

Dolder bar n: eponym for one of several bar attachments that join teeth or roots together and provide
abutment support for a removable partial dental
prosthesis. The bar is straight and has a pear or ovoid
shape. A retentive clip fits over the bar and allows for
some rotational movement about the bar. The clip
derives its retention by friction when placed on the
bar. The bar comes in assorted sizes.
donor site n: the part of the body from which an autogenous graft is obtained.
double wire clasp n: a wire circumferential clasp with
back-to-back retentive arms.
dowel pin n: a metal indexing pin used in stone casts
that permits removal of the die section and its precise replacement in the original position.
drag n: the inferior or lower side of a refractory denture
flask. It fits precisely with the upper (cope) side of the
denture flask.
draw n: for a crown or restorative preparation, it is the
taper or convergence of the opposing walls.
dross n: (1) the solid scum produced from oxides, impurities, or waste materials on the surface of a metal
when melted; (2) waste matter; refuse.
duplicate denture n: a second denture that is identical
in all aspects to the in-use or functioning denture.
durometer n: an instrument that measures the hardness of a material.
dysesthesia n: an abnormal and unpleasant sensation.
dysfunction n: to not function properly or normally as
a cell or within an organ. In dentistry, a dysfunction
means any abnormality between the physical nature
of the teeth, bones, or joints within the oral cavity
and their function as mediated through muscles or
nerves affecting the oral cavity and causing abnormal functioning.
dysgeusia n: any change or distortion in the sense of
taste.
dyskinesia n: a change in or difficulty in performing
voluntary movements like walking, bending, or lifting.
dyslalia n: abnormal articulation or difficulty in articulating due to defects in organs associated with
speech and not due to neurologic disorders.
JOI Glossary

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