2016 Glossary - 36

hyperplasia n: enlargement of normal tissue or structure due to an increase in cell number production in
the tissue, oftentimes as a result of irritation of the
tissue.
hyperplastic tissue n: surplus tissue that is often
caused as a response to chronic irritation that stimulates overproduction of the cells in the tissue.
hypersensitivity adj: an exaggerated reaction of the
immune system to an antigen that is expressed on a
spectrum ranging from allergy to anaphylaxis.
hypertrophy n: in the absence of tumor formation, it
is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue as the
result of an increase in the dimensions rather than
the number of the constituent cells.
hypoesthesia n: lessened or reduced tactile sense.
hypogeusia (hypoageusia) n: reduced sense of taste,
including sweet, sour, salty, and bitter substances.
hyponasality n: a speech characteristic caused by insufficient resonance of air in the nasal cavity such
that the speaker sounds as though he or she has a
cold. Also known as denasality.
hypophosphatasia n: one of numerous conditions
that resembles osteogenesis imperfecta. Triggered
by an inherited metabolic disorder that results in low
levels of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Contingent on the severity of the disease it can affect skeletal and dental development.
hypoplasia n: a congenital disorder that is the result of
a decrease in the typical number of cells and manifests as defective or incomplete organ/tissue development.

I

diopathic resorption n: see under resorption.
immediate denture n: a removable prosthetic device fabricated to replace a natural tooth or teeth
immediately upon its removal.
immediate mandibular lateral translation n: Leaving the position described as centric relation, the
non-working-side condyle moves straight and medially, which is considered the translatory portion of
lateral movement.
implant n: an alloplastic device or material that is
placed into the body. See also dental implant.
36

implant v: to place a device or material into the body.
implant, oral n: an alloplastic device or structure that
is surgically placed into, on top of, or in the alveolar
bone of the maxillary or mandibular jaw bones. The
device's whose abutment(s) emerge(s) through the
oral mucosal tissues to provide support or retention
for a dental prosthesis
* blade implant: a flat, blade-shaped endosseous
implant most commonly made of metal, which
gains its support from a horizontal dimension of
bone, it maybe perforated, smooth, fluted, textured, coated, or wedge shaped, and it may have
single or multiple abutments for attachment of
the prosthesis.
* endodontic-endosseous implant: a pin-shaped
device that is placed into the root canal space and
extends past the tooth's apex into the apical bone.
* endosseous implant: an implant positioned into
the jaw's alveolar and/or basal bone for the purpose of supporting a dental prosthesis.
* fibro-osseous (fibro-osteal) integrated implant: a dental implant that has a fibrous connective tissue interface located between the implant
and the adjacent bone.
* osseointegrated implant: a direct physical and
functional relationship between organic viable
bone and the external surface of an stationary,
load-bearing implant as revealed when viewed
under a light microscope.
* ramus frame implant: a complete mandibular
arch implant with a tripodal design that consists
a horizontal supragingival connecting bar with
terminal left and right posterior ends that pass
through the soft tissue and enter the bilateral
rami of the mandible. There is also an inferior anterior plate that passes through the soft tissue and
enters the bone of the symphyseal area.
* root-form implant: an endosseous implant that
obtains support from the vertical height of alveolar or basal bone. It is frequently made from
metal or ceramic and may have a cylinder shape
that is tapered, threaded, perforated, solid, and/



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