2016 Glossary - 59

energy rays; on exposed radiographic film such areas appear lighter or whiter on the exposed negative
film.
ramus endosteal implant n: a dental implant that is
inserted at least partially into the ramus of the mandible.
ramus frame endosteal implant n: a dental implant
design comprising a horizontal intraoral supragingival bar-shaped abutment and bilateral posterior
endosseous segments that pass through the soft
tissues and enter the ramus on each side of the mandible. An anterior segment also passes through the
soft tissue covering the symphysis and enters the
symphyseal bone. These implants are typically constructed from one piece of metal, although 2 or 5
endosteal sectional implant segments can be placed
and connected with fitted parts after placement of
the individual segments. See also implant, oral.
range of motion n: a measurement of the degree to
which a joint may be extended or flexed. A measurement describing the degree to which the temporomandibular joint may move as in opening or demonstrating lateral or protrusive excursions.
raphe n: (1) an area marking the line of union; (2) A fibrous area where paired muscles meet.
rapidly progressive periodontitis n: see under periodontitis.
reattachment n: a periodontics term that describes
the reconnection of epithelial and/or connective tissues to the surfaces of roots or bone after the connection is disrupted by surgical or other means.
rebase n: a dental laboratory process by which the entire base material of an existing removable prosthesis, but not the teeth, is replaced.
receptor site n: a reference to a biologic site where
molecular binding occurs.
recipient site n: the receiving area into which a graft or
transplant material is placed.
reciprocal adj: a designed reality in which a force from
one part of a prosthetic device is opposed by a different part of the device.

reciprocal click n: related clicking sounds from the
temporomandibular joint, which occur during opening and closing movements.
reciprocation n: a condition where lateral forces from
a retentive clasp moving over the height of the contour of a tooth or crown are opposed by an another
(reciprocal) clasp that engages a guiding plane.
recombinant DNA n: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences produced in a laboratory by joining genetic
material from multiple sources.
record n: retained information that describes facts
about something or someone.
record base n: a denture base that supports material
that is used to document the positional correlation
of the maxilla to the mandible.
record rim n: material placed on an interim denture
base that may be used to establish and record the
positional relationship between the maxilla and
mandible; it may also be used to establish the position of teeth. Also known as an occlusal rim.
recurrent periodontitis n: see under periodontitis.
reduced interarch distance n: a vertical dimension
that allows for overclosure. Compared with the proper relationship, there is a reduced inter-ridge distance
when the maxillary and mandibular teeth are in contact and an extreme interocclusal distance when the
mandible is at a position of rest. Also known as overclosure.
reduction n: using surgical or manual methods to correct a dislocation or fracture thereby restoring it to its
normal anatomic relationship.
reentry n: to reopen a surgical site to observe or alter
effects from a prior surgical procedure.
reference plane locator n: a component of a facebow
system used to transfer a reference plane from the
patient to an articulator.
referred pain n: pain that is felt in a site in the body
different from the diseased or injured location where
the pain would be expected.
reflectance n: the measure of the fraction of radiant
energy that is reflected from a surface.
refractory cast n: a cast made of a material that will not
deteriorate at the high temperature used in casting
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