2016 Glossary - 6

est or a stent. The measurement is an indicator of the
health of the supporting soft tissue attachment. See
attachment level, clinical.
attachment screw n: a device that is used to fasten a
nonremovable dental prosthesis to a dental implant
abutment(s).
attrition n: (1) the action of weakening and/or wearing
down by rubbing or friction; (2) the mechanical deterioration and erosion of the occlusal surfaces of the
teeth as a consequence of chewing or parafunction;
(3) the physiologic deterioration, wasting, or wearing
away of a material or structure, such as the teeth.
auricular prosthesis n: a removable synthetic maxillofacial prosthesis made by an anaplastologist that replaces part or the entire natural ear. Also called artificial ear, ear prosthesis. These prostheses are typically
fabricated from silicone and attached with adhesive
or titanium implants.
auriculotemporal syndrome n: a congenital or acquired condition (especially after surgery on the parotid gland) characterized by sweating and flushing
in the periauricular and temporal areas when certain
foods are eaten. Also known as Frey's syndrome, Baillarger's syndrome, Dupny's syndrome.
autogenous adj: originating or derived from within the
same subject; not derived from an external source;
self-produced, autologous, endogenous.
autogenous graft n: tissue taken from the patient's
own body and moved to a different site from its origin. Also called autograft or autotransplant.
autoglaze v: the creation of a glazed surface on a ceramic restoration by increasing the firing temperature to generate surface flow. Also called overglaze.
autograft n: a tissue graft taken from a site that is different from the recipient site of the same individual
receiving it. Also called autochthonous graft, autologous graft, autotransplant, and autoplast. See graft.
autologous adj: (1) pertaining to self; defining products or components derived or transferred from one
anatomic location to another within the recipient, (2)
autogenous.
autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction n: a proliferative reaction of typical T-lymphocytes when cul6

tured simultaneously with autologous HLA-DR-positive non-T-lymphocytes.
autopolymer n: a resin polymerized by a chemical reaction that occurs by adding an activator and a catalyst without adding heat.
avascular (nonvascular) adj: lacking in blood or lymphatic vessels. Avascular tissues may be normal, such
as tooth enamel or some forms of cartilage, or may
be a consequence of disease.
average axis facebow n: a device that transfers the
relationship of the maxilla and the mandibular axis
of rotation to an articulator by recording standard
anatomic landmarks for determining the transverse
horizontal axis of the face.
average value articulator n: an articulator that permits motion based on 3 mean mandibular measurements: an intercondylar distance of 10-11 cm, a
condylar guidance of 33°, and an incisal guidance of
9-12°. Also know as mean value articulator or Class
III articulator.
avulsion n: a forced and aggressive separation from
the body; the action that results in a separation of a
body part surgically or accidentally (ie, the complete
separation of a tooth from its alveolar socket).
avulsion fracture n: a separation of bone (or portion of
bone) from its naturally occurring position by trauma
or unintended force(s).
axial contour n: the shape of a body in the dimension
of its long axis. For a tooth it is the outline of the vertical portion of a tooth from the cementoenamel junction to its height of contour.
axial inclination n: in dentistry, the angle made by the
long axis of a tooth, dental implant, or other object
(ie, implant guide pin) as it relates to a specified horizontal plane, such as the supporting bone or occlusal
plane.
axial loading n: the occlusal loading forces directed
down the long axis of a natural tooth, dental implant,
or other object.
axial reduction n: removal of tooth structure or its
prosthetic equivalent (ie, implant abutment) along
its ideal long axis. The location and amount of reduction depends on the reason for altering or preparing



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