2016 Glossary - 67

subperiosteal dental implant substructure n: the
component of a subperiosteal implant located beneath the periosteum that provides support for
a dental prosthesis via abutments that protrude
through the oral mucosa. Also known as the implant
body.
subperiosteal dental implant superstructure n:
dental prosthesis metal framework that is supragingival in location and provides support for artificial
teeth and/or denture base material that fits onto the
subperiosteal implant abutments.
subtraction radiography n: manipulation of a radiograph photographically or digitally where background images are eliminated to highlight areas for
comparison.
supernumerary adj: more than the routine or normal
number.
superstructure n: the upper (most superior) part of a
fixed or removable dental prosthesis of which the
replacement teeth and associated gingival/alveolar
structures are parts
suppuration n: the formation or discharge of pus.
supraeruption n: eruption of a tooth or teeth above
the standard occlusal plane.
supragingival adj: (1) located above the gingival tissue; (2) portion of a tooth structure that is coronal to
the gingival crest.
surgical curettage n: see under curettage
surgical occlusion rim n: an occlusion rim used for
recording the maxillomandibular relationship and
for guidance in positioning replacement or denture
teeth.
surgical prosthesis n: any ancillary prosthesis intended for a short-term application that can be inserted
at the time of surgery.
surgical splint n: an ancillary appliance used to maintain tissues in a new position after surgery. It is commonly used to reset normal occlusal relations during
a period of immobilization. The appliance is frequently designed to make use of existing teeth and/
or alveolar processes as points of anchorage to help
stabilize and immobilize broken bones during the

healing phase. Often a patient's existing prosthesis
can be used with modification to serve this purpose.
surgical stent n: a device used to facilitate and guide
surgical procedures.
surgical template n: (1) a guide conforming to the tissue surface and used for surgically shaping the alveolar process; (2) a guide for the surgical placement
of implants in the correct position and angulation in
the alveolar bone; (3) a guide for establishing proper
occlusion during orthognathic surgery.
suture v: to connect tissues that have been separated by a traumatic injury or an intentional surgical
wound. The cut ends of the tissue are approximated
and kept together with an appropriate thread-like
material called a suture.
symphysis (pl, symphyses) n: (1) a type of cartilaginous
joint that connects opposing bony surfaces with a
plate of fibrocartilage; (2) the immovable dense bony
connection between the right and left halves of the
adult mandible at the midline.
symptom n: any characteristic of a disease or medical
condition that is subjectively perceived.
synovial fluid n: a viscid fluid secreted by the synovial
membrane found inside joint cavities.
synovial membrane n: the articular membrane consisting of specialized endothelial cells that have the
ability to produce a fluid that fills the joint cavity.

T

able, occlusal n: the occlusal surface of posterior teeth (premolars and molars).
taper n: in dentistry, the amount of convergence of opposing external surfaces of a
tooth or tooth preparation. The extension of lines
representing the external walls form the angle of
convergence
telangiectasia n: permanent dilation of blood vessels
near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes
that results in small focal red lesions that are commonly seen on the nose, cheeks, and chin. Also
called angioectasias or spider veins.
telescopic crown n: a secondary crown that fits over a
fixed or nonremovable prosthesis, such as a primary
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