2016 Glossary - 72

tion of the color space would be perceived by a human as the same or an equal change.
unilateral adj: confined or relating to only 1 side.
unilateral subperiosteal implant n: an eposteal dental implant that provides for 1 or more abutments
and that supports and/or retains a removable or
fixed dental prosthesis on 1 side of a partially edentulous dental arch.
upright adj: the vertical or normal position of a tooth.
urticaria n: a vascular reaction of the skin that presents
with pale red, raised, and itchy bumps. Commonly
referred to as hives and may be associated with the
sensation of burning or stinging. It often occurs in
response to an allergic reaction; however, it can be
induced by nonallergic conditions. Allergic-induced
reactions usually last less than 6 weeks and are called
acute urticaria. Nonallergic reactions usually last
longer than 6 weeks and are called chronic urticaria.

V

ascularization n: the development of blood
vessels in a tissue by natural or surgical
means.
vascular pain n: a type of deep pain that
develops when blood flow is interrupted to a tissue,
organ, or nerves.
vasoconstriction n: a mechanism that results in a decrease in vessel lumen diameter, especially in arterioles, which in turn increases pressure within the
vessel or creates a state of hemostasis.
vasoconstrictor n: any agent that promotes vasoconstriction. Used in dentistry to extend the duration of
local anesthesia and/or to reduce bleeding during
surgical procedures.
vasodepressor n: any agent that reduces blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance.
vasodilation n: the process of increasing the lumen diameter of a blood vessel, especially an arteriole.
velum n: a membranous structure that partly obscures
an opening or covers another structure.
veneer n: a thin sheet of material used in the outermost
aspect of a body (tooth, denture) as a protective or
ornamental finish.
72

vertical dimension n: measured by determining the
distance between 2 arbitrarily selected points on
the face that are easily located and reproduced as
needed. On the facial midline, one reference point
is above the mouth and the other point is below the
mouth.
* occlusal vertical dimension: the vertical dimension of 2 designated points on the face when the
teeth are in contact in centric occlusion.
* rest vertical dimension: the vertical dimension
of 2 designated points on the face when the mandible is in its postural position.
vertical dimension decrease n: an obsolete term for
a change in the teeth, denture base, soft tissue, or
bony tissue that brings the maxillary and mandibular
dental arches closer together while in occlusion.
vertical dimension increase n: an obsolete term for a
change in the teeth, denture base, soft tissue, or bony
tissue that increases the distance between the maxillary and mandibular dental arches while in occlusion.
vertical dimension of speech n: an alternative to the
conventional vertical dimension technique. This distance is frequently measured while the patient is
emitting an "s" sound.
vertical opening n: see vertical dimension.
verti-centric n: a record of the vertical dimension of
occlusion with the jaws in centric relation. It is used
in complete removable dental prosthesis fabrication.
vesicle n: an elevation of the skin or mucous membrane <5 mm in diameter that contains watery fluid.
See also bulla.
vestibuloplasty n: plastic surgery of the vestibular region of the mouth designed to restore alveolar ridge
height (deepen the vestibular trough) by lowering
the muscles that attach to the buccal, labial, and lingual aspects of the jaws.
vibrating line n: an imagined line across the posterior
part of the maxillary palate marking the division between the mobile and nonmobile tissues of the palate that can be visualized when the mobile tissues
are in function.
Vincent's angina n: painful membranous ulceration of
the oropharynx, throat, or gums that may be caused



2016 Glossary

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