2016 Glossary - 8

biologic width n: the total width of junctional epithelial attachment and connective tissue formed proximal to the tooth and superior to the crestal bone.
biomechanics n: (1) the study of mechanics as it relates
to a living structure, specifically the forces exerted
by muscles and gravity on skeletal structures; (2) the
analysis of biology from a functional aspect; (3) engineering principles applied to living organisms.
biometry n: statistical analysis of biological data.
biteplane n: a tooth- and tissue-borne dental device
typically made of acrylic and wire and worn in the
palate and over the occlusal surfaces of the teeth and
used as a diagnostic or therapeutic adjunct.
Black triangle n: an inter-implant embrasure space
devoid of a papilla. This may occur when there is an
inter-implant crown contour that is shaped in a way
that is not conducive for gingiva to fill the embrasure.
It may be necessary to wait for 3-24 months for an
embrasure fill to occur.
blade endosteal dental implant n: a dental implant
placed in bone. It has a wedge-shaped body that is
narrow in a buccal-lingual direction with openings or
vents in its body through which tissue may grow. An
abutment portion transverses the mucogingival tissues that offer support or retention of a dental prosthesis. It may or may not be osseointegrated.
blade implant n: see blade endosteal dental implant and implant, oral.
bleeding on probing n: a clinical examination parameter of the natural tooth or implant gingiva or soft
tissue sulcus that is used to evaluate the health of
that tissue. Lack of bleeding on probing may indicate health but bleeding may or may not indicate
diseased tissue. A probing force of 0.25 N is generally
accepted as the appropriate probing force.
block out v: (1) removal of unwanted undercuts on a
cast. (2) the activity of applying wax or another similar provisional substance to portions of a cast that
have unnecessary or unwanted undercuts. Desired
undercuts that are essential for fabricating the prosthesis are left as such.
bone atrophy n: a decrease in bone mass exhibited
as resorption that is represented internally by a de8

crease in density and externally by a reduction in
form.
bone conduction n: the transmission of sound from
the skull bones to the inner ear. Also known as cranial
conduction, osteotympanic conduction, and tissue
conduction.
bone curettage n: the surgical shaving or flattening of
a bone's external surface.
bone expansion n: manipulation of a bony ridge with
flat and rounded osteotomes for recontouring the
cortical ridge to gain more bone width than originally present, usually to accommodate placement of a
dental implant.
bone factor n: relative response of alveolar bone to
positive or negative stimulations; the ratio of osteogenesis to osteolysis.
bone fill n: the clinical repair of bone tissue in a treated periodontal defect or previous bony void. Histologic evidence should confirm replacement of
previously missing bone tissue with same type of
bone tissue.
bone graft, autogenous n: see graft.
bone resorption n: see under resorption.
bony ankylosis n: the bony union of the constituents
of a joint that results in complete immobility of the
joint.
border movement n: when observed in a designated
plane it is the mandibular movements at the boundaries permitted by anatomic structures. The movements are reproducible and unique for each individual. All mandibular movements are determined by the
parameters of the border movements.
border seal n: the physical contact established by the
alveolar mucosa to drape the molded borders of an
oral removable prosthesis in an attempt to create
negative pressure that aids in the retention of the
prosthesis and the prevention of the ingress of fluids,
air, and food into the intaglio surface.
border tissue movements n: the action of the alvelolar mucosa aided by muscles and tissues proximal to
the borders of the denture-usually recorded during
border molding to fashion the denture edges.



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