2016 Glossary - 9

bruxism n: (1) the parafunctional grinding, clenching,
or clamping of teeth; (2) a habit that consists of the
involuntary recurrent or spasmodic nonfunctional
grinding, clenching, or clamping of teeth in other
than desired functional movements of the mandible
(chewing), which results in occlusal damage. Also
known as tooth grinding, occlusal neurosis.
bruxomania n: the grinding or clenching of teeth occurring as a neurotic habit while awake.
buccal flange n: the portion of the denture that extends from the cervical margins of the denture teeth
to the border seal areas.
buccal vestibule n: the fold of alveolar mucosa extending from the buccal attached mucosa to the
loose areolar mucosa of the cheek.
buccolingual relationship n: a reference to the position as it relates to the cheek and tongue in the coronal plane.
buccoversion n: the divergence of a tooth from its customary alignment in the dental arch to a direction
toward the cheek or lips.
bulla n: a vesicle or blister >5 mm in diameter.
burnishibility n: the ability or ease with which a material can be burnished.
butt v: to place end-to-end or side-to-side without
overlapping, as in a butt joint.
button implant n: see mucosal insert.
buttressing bone n: compact or dense bone that
serves to support or strengthen and may form in response to occlusal forces.

C

AD/CAM: acronym for computer-aided design/computer assisted machining or computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing.
calcium sulfate plaster n: a pasty composition of
CaSO4 and water used as a medicated or protective
dressing that hardens upon drying.
Campylobacter rectus n: previously named Wolinella
recta. Surface translocating gram-negative, motile,
facultative bacteria that are frequently observed as
helical, curved, or straight bacterial cells. This bacteria is found in patients with periodontitis. The bac-

teria display flagella located at one pole of their cell
body that results in a motility that is described as
rapid and darting.
cancellous bone n: the lattice-like, reticular, or spongy
or part of bone; it is the tissue found in the medulla
of the bone; it has a variable trabecular pattern and
is made of interstitial tissue that may be hematopoietic.
Candida albicans n: the utmost pathogenic species
of Candida, which under some circumstances may
cause infections; however, typically it is an innocuous
inhabitant of mucous membranes.
Candida spp n: a yeastlike fungus frequently associated with oral diseases like thrush (oral candidiasis).
It is aerobic, is significantly larger than bacteria, and
stains gram-positive.
candidiasis (thrush) n: an infection caused by the
fungus genus Candida. It is associated with multiple influencing factors that include (1) the use of
broad-spectrum antibiotics, (2) diabetes mellitus, (3)
xerostomia, (4) suppression of the immune system,
and (5) pregnancy. Clinically, it appears as soft, white,
curdlike plaques that can be wiped off, leaving an erythematous area.
canine eminence n: the facial elevation of the maxillary bone consistent with the location of the root of
the cuspid.
canine protected occlusion n: regarding implant
dentistry: a tooth arrangement that protects implant-supported prosthetic crowns from off-axial
loads or lateral forces that may be detrimental or
cause an overload of the supporting bone. Generally, the mandibular canine cusp articulates or slides
against the maxillary canine lingual surface to cause
a separation of the posterior teeth so off-axial loads
are avoided.
cantilever n: a projection supported on one end only.
cantilever fixed dental prosthesis n: a fixed partial
denture in which the pontic is suspended in a mesial or distal direction and is retained and supported
only on one end by one or more abutments.
capillary attraction n: an increase or decrease in the
height of a liquid as it contacts the retaining walls of
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