Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine May 2018 - 39
Huang and Wang
Figure 7.
Comparisons of ECDF results between OFDM-chirp waveform, OFDM
waveform and classic chirp waveform.
Figure 6.
Comparisons of radar auto-ambiguity function between OFDM chirp
and standard OFDM waveforms: (a) OFDM chirp waveform. (b) Standard OFDM waveform.
Radar performance emphasizes detection, resolution and localization capability, while communication performance focuses
on data rate, error probability and coding efficiency. These performances have a direct relation with the SNR. It is easily understood
that OFDM chirp waveform and standard OFDM waveform have
equal output SNR under the same condition.
If multiuser operation is required for the system, the impacts of
undesired mutual interferences between distinct user waveforms
can be equivalently evaluated by the cross-ambiguity function between any two waveforms y1(t) and y2(t):
χ (τ , f d ) = y1 ( t ) y2∗ ( t − τ ) e j 2π f t dt
d
(11)
with * being the conjugate operator. Specifically, when y1(t) = y2(t),
it simplifies to the autoambiguity function.
To make a fair comparison, Figure 6 compares the radar autoambiguity function of OFDM chirp waveform and standard OFDM
waveform using the parameters that are same to [29]. An effective
MAY - JUNE 2018
Figure 8.
Comparisons of target detection performance.
metric to evaluate the waveform ambiguity function is the empirical cumulative distribution function (ECDF), which represents the
percentage of samples of |χ(τ, fd)| lower than a given magnitude.
Their ECDF results are shown in Figure 7, in which the result of
a classic chirp waveform is also provided for the comparison. It
means that the OFDM chirp waveform yields smaller sidelobe energy among the three waveforms.
Another radar performance metric is the achievable range
resolution. It depends on neither the employed waveform nor the
particular system parameterization but only the total bandwidth
occupied by the transmitted signal, namely, c0/2NcΔf. In typical
radar applications, the range resolution should be in the order of
1 to 2 m and the required total bandwidth is over 100 MHz. This
is compliant with the regulations for the 24 GHz industrial scientific medical band. Supposing the following parameters: M = 32,
Δf = 1.25 MHz, T = 0.8μs, Tg = 0.2μs, f0 = 10 GHz and d = c0/2 f0,
Figure 8 compares the detection performance of the FDA-OFDM
IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
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