Doll News Fall 2017 - 12

and their features were hand painted in heavy oil
paints by very talented artists. The critical reception to
the Munich art dolls was not lost on the bisque head
manufacturers. It was also apparent that the market
for dolls as playthings was expanding to satisfy a
larger middle class demand that also wanted to buy
dolls for their children. So began what is known today
as the German character doll movement as the bisque
manufacturers entered the fray.
The German character dolls created by
Kämmer & Reinhardt were a direct response to the
enthusiastic reception given to the Munich Art dolls
debut in 1908. It needs be noted that while Kämmer
& Reinhardt designed and distributed the 100
series, research has revealed that, in fact, the Simon
& Halbig Porcelain Factory was the manufacturer
of the heads and Heinrich Handwerck made most
of the composition bodies that were then assembled
by Kämmer & Reinhardt to create their dolls and
market them under their name.
The Kämmer & Reinhardt doll factory was
located in Waltershausen, one of two prominent
centers for important German doll making at the
time, with the other being Sonneberg. In 1885
the modeler Ernst Kämmer collaborated with

Here is a more
subtle brown
bisque version of
the K✡R 100.

A still rarer variation of the K✡R 100, is brown bisque
with glass eyes.

young businessman Franz Reinhardt to launch
the Kämmer & Reinhardt doll factory. The factory
was successfully producing dolls for a number
of years prior to the showing of the Munich Art
Dolls. However in an effort to capitalize on the
success of the Munich Art dolls, a well-known
Berlin based sculptor, Professor Arthur LewinFuncke (1866-1937) was retained by K✡R in late
1908 to early 1909 to sculpt a new doll mold. The
photo shown here is of an original 4-inch bronze
bust by Lewin-Funcke of a six-month old laughing
baby that became the model for the first doll in the
series, #100. According to Mary Krombholz, there
are only two known examples of the bust existing
in bronze, and the other is on permanent display in
the Rothenberg Doll Museum. It was only through
the diligent research by Jürgen & Marianne Cieslik
that the identity of the sculptor was eventually
revealed. It had been previously such a mystery
that even the sculptor's own family never knew.
It appears Professor Lewin-Funcke had felt that
it would diminish his reputation as a serious
artist if it were known he was modeling doll
DOLL NEWS * UFDC.ORG

11



http://www.UFDC.ORG

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Doll News Fall 2017

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